Abstract:

Abstract: In this paper, the gas chromatography has been used to measure ethyl levulinate in biomass alcohol-ysis products directly.Good separation was achieved from a FFAP column with n - octanol as internal stand-ard.Straw aleoholysis liquor samples have good stability with time changing. The precision and recovery testsfor the product were carried out. The average relative standard deviation is 0.6175% , and the average recov-ery is 100.8% . The results show that the method is accurate，fast and stable.

Abstract: The 3-hydroxypivalic acid neopentylglycol diacrylate ( HPHPDA ) was prepared by esterificationbased on 4-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid as catalyst,with toluene as solvent,TMHPHA as inhibitor and so on.The effects of molar ratio of acrylic acid and alcohol,catalyst content,inhibitor kinds and content,reactantconcentration were discussed. The product was lighter in color with 94.7% yield. And the structure was char-acterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( IR ). Then the properties of product including expo-sure series,adhesion,corrosion testing,solder ability,resistance,chemical resistance,pencil hardness,printing,gloss,color and other properties were analyzed.The results showed that 3-hydroxypivalic acid neo-pentylglycol diacrylate(HPHPDA ) can be used for solder resist ink and the performance is equivalent,or su-perior to DPHA.

Abstract: In order to restrain the chromic acid waste gases diffuse from electroplating bathes,the adsorptionproperties of anion exchange fiber and adsorbent cotton were investigated in this paper. The results show thatthe anion exchange fiber can take up 1.26 mg chromic acid mist in 150 h. The concentration of chromic acidin the end gas is lower than 0.005 mg/m3, which is far below the national standard 0.05 mg/m3for chromicacid mist emissions. The adsorbent cotton was broken through after continuous used 55 h. The concentration ofchromic acid mist in the end gas was up to 0.069 mg/m3. So the anion exchange fiber has a good applicationprospect for chromic acid mist treatment in electroplating industry.

Abstract: The vapor-liquid equilibrium(VLE) data of 2-methoxyethanol-methyl glycollate binary system weremeasured under the pressure of 50mmHg by using a VLE still,and the obtained data satisfy the thermodynam-ic consistencies . Then the VLE data were correlated by NRTL\Wilson\UNIQUAC models,and the corre-sponding binary interaction parameters of these models were obtained. With these models associated with thebinary system of VLE data, the average relative deviations of temperature between calculated and experimentalvalues were 0.2215% ,0.2398% ,0.2374% respectively ; the average relative deviations of 2-methoxyethanol’s vapor mass fraction were 3.7216% ,3.4378% ,3.338% respectively.The simulation results are close to ex-perimental values and these models are suitable to be used for the engineering seperation design.

Abstract: Phosphaphenanthrene’s derivatives are an important flame retardant materials.A series of new es-ter derivatives of phosphaphenanthrene were prepared by the various acyl chlorides and the intermediate whichwas prepared by phosphaphenanthrene and formaldehyde,and their structures were characterized by 1HNMR13C NMR, 31P NMR、FT - IR\HR - MS and ESI - MS. The influences of catalyst,material ratio,sol-vent,reactants concentration,reaction time and temperature on the reaction were discussed in detail,whilethe reaction process was optimized. The thermal stabilities of the compounds were recorded,and the resultsshow that they have excellent thermal stability. The compounds are potential flame retardant materials.

Abstract: The optimum technological condition of catalytic hydrogenation for synthesis of 2,5-diaminotolueneby using 2-aminoazotoluene as raw materials,nickel as catalyst,water and methanol as solvent is studied. Theauthor examines the reaction time,temperature,hydrogen pressure,catalytic dose, the pH value of the solu-tion,and proportion of materials that influence on the reaction. The results show that the 2,5-diaminotolueneyield is 95% ,when the solvent is 70% water and 30% methanol,the reaction time is 6 h, the temperature is80 ℃,pressure is 1.4 Mpa,catalytic dose is 7%,solution of the initial pH value is 8.

Abstract: Cycloaddition reactions of vinylphosphonates with nitrones were studied.Three products were ob-tained. 4-phosphonyl-3-arylisoxazolidine is main product and its structure was confirmed by ’H NMR and ele-ment analysis. Yield of other products is analysed by HPLC,and their structures are confirmed by ’H NMRand MS.

Abstract: The potential feasibility of ethylenediamine modified sawdust as the adsorbent for removal of anionicdye of congo red from aqueous solution was investigated. The experiments were carried out as function of pH,salt concentration,temperature,initial concentration and contact time. The results show that the sawdust mod-ified with ethylenediamine made the adsorption capacity of congo red increase. By functionalizing,the adsorp-tion capacity (q.) of sawdust for congo red was increased from 6.99 to 14.77 mg/g at 298 K. The equilibri-um data agreed well with the Freundlich model.The pseudo-second order and the intra-particle diffusion mod-el were used for discussing the kinetics and mechanism of adsorption of congo red.The adsorption of congo redcan be devided into two phases: membrane diffusion and particle internal diffusion.The best desorption meth-od for saturated sawdust was NaOH.

Abstract: A comparative numerical investigation was carried out for heat transfer and flow resistance charac-teristics of smooth tube and 7 spirally fluted tubes with various structural parameters.This paper pointed outthat the improvement of the synergy of velocity and temperature fields enhanced the heat transfer of spirallyfluted tubes. The main influence factors of heat transfer and flow characteristics of spirally fluted tubes were al-so analyzed in the paper,such as Reynolds number,fluted depth,pitch and bowls radius. The results showthat at the same flow rate and pitch,with the increase of fluted depth,heat transfer improves gradually,andthe flow resistance also increases. And then at the same flow rate and fluted depth,with the smaller pitch ,themore obvious separation of the fluid boundary layer,which leads to the improvement of heat transfer and theincrease of flow resistance. Bowls radius has a little influence on heat transfer, but it has a great impact onflow resistance.

Abstract: The size of the second -phase compounds in foil stock is significantly influenced by homogenizationannealing.And the effects of homogenization anneal temperature and time on the second - phase compounds’size of 1235 alloy were investigated with optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy.The results showthat all of the skeletal a( AlFeSi) phases disintegrate into spherical particles at 530℃ for 10h in foil stock of38.6% deformation,while most stripy B. ( AlFeSi) phases convert into small rod -shaped compounds,and themicrostructure of foil stock is desirable.

Abstract: In order to improve the design method of the asphalt rubber stress absorbing membrane interlayer,the asphalt rubber SAMl material composition design method was studied based on the analysis of the functionsof SAMIl and the problems of interlaminar bonding between asphalt concrete overlay and cement concrete pave-ment is not strong and cutting slippage. In this method, the interlaminar anti-shear strength was taken as de-sign index. The paper studied the influence of asphalt types,asphalt spraying content and gravel spreading a-mount on interlaminar anti-shear strength and discussed the asphalt rubber SAMI design method. The resultsshow that the trend of interlaminar anti-shear strength is first increasing and then decreasing with the increaseof gravel spreading amount and asphalt spraying content，reaching the maximum at the gravel spreading a-mount of 14 kg/m3and at the asphalt spraying content of 2.2 kg/ m2. Recommendations for the optimum as-phalt rubber spraying content and gravel spreading amount of asphalt rubber SAMI are 2.2 kg/m3’~- 2.4 kg/m2and 13.5 kg/m2~14.5 kg/ m3respectively.

Abstract: To explore the water stability of Miber l mineral composite fiber asphalt mixture,based on thefreeze-thaw splitting test and the immersion marshall test,the influencing factors on water stability of both AC-13 and SMA-13 Miber I mineral composite fiber asphalt.mixture are discussed.The grey correlation entropymethod is utilized to analyze different factors such as fiber content, the percentage of 4.75 mm sized aggregatepassing through the mesh,asphalt penetration,optimal asphalt content,percent voids filled with asphalt andpercent air voids in asphalt mixtures,when ’TSR and MS,are set as the reference sequences. The results indi-cate that fiber content has the greatest effect on water stability of fiber asphalt mixtures.Miber I mineral com-posite fiber can improve water stability of asphalt mixture effectively.

Abstract: Based on the experiments of cube specimens of different waste rubber diameter、different waste rub-ber replacement rates(0 .5%,10% ,15% ) the influence on the compressive strength and split tension strengthwas studied.The results show that the relationship between recycled concrete with rubber and the replacementrate of waste rubber,recycled concrete are obvious,and the strength of concrete increases when the rate of re-placement increases,the maximum reduction is 45% and 31% ; but the relationship between recycled con-crete with rubber and the diameter of waste rubber is less obvious,the more smaller the strength is more low-er,the maximum reduction of the compressive strength and split tension strength is 1.6% ,2.1%.Based onthe data regression,the relationship between the compressive strength and split tension strength of recycledconcrete with rubber is established.

Abstract: For large-scale samples,SVM does not perform as well as neural networks and this paper tries toimprove the training speed by simplify the decision functions by matrix transform. We simplify the unnecessarysupport vectors in SVM modeling and introduce a relaxation factor in order to improve the effects of simplifica-tion.Experiment shows that the number of support vectors is redused by at least one third. Using the modelnonlinear model built by SVM after linearizing as the predictive model of predictive control. PSO was used toselect the best SVM parameters and computing the optimal control law of predictive control. The method canaccelerate the response and shorten the overshoot through a simulation of a cement rotary kiln.

Abstract: Particle swarm optimization ( PSO) algorithm has the features of rapid calculation speed and simplerealization. But it easily falls into local optimum when dealing with actual problems. This paper presents akind of hybrid strategy : the genetic immune PS0. We introduce the genetic algorithm,the immune algorithmto PSO,which can improve the global search ability,avoid faling into local optimal in searching process,andimprove the convergence rate of the algorithm by reserving the diversity of population algorithm. Applying thealgorithm to the network congestion control,we proposed a network congestion method based on hybrid geneticimmune PS0 to solve the network congestion phenomenon. The simulation results show the feasibility of thismethod.

Abstract: This paper studies the modulation of MPSK based on OFDM channel system. by deduction and a-nalysis of the second-order cumulants and the fourth-order cumulants of MPSK signal An innovative feature todistinguish the modulation order of the MPSK is presented. This feature,due to its simple extracted approachand easy realization, can efficiently achieve the goal of modulation classification. The paper gives transmissionbit error rate and the modulation recognition rate of OFDM system,and gives a comparison simulation of theMPSK recognition rate between the modulation algorithm based on high-order cumulants and spectrum line fea-ture. The result shows that the advantage of high-order cumulants analysis.

Abstract: The function template is a kind of generic programming,which possesses important practical signifi-cance in scientific and engineering computing.First , the implementing mechanism of C ++ function template isexplored , and the relationship between function templates and overloaded functions is disclosed. C ++ overloa-ded functions are modeled with the generic interface block plus external procedures of Fortran 90. Then , awrapper of C ++ function templates is appended in order to instantiate function templates,convert functiontemplate instances into “ overloaded”procedures , and make use of C ++ function templates in Fortran 90. Theabove-mentioned methods are particularly demonstrated with a demo. The research will also be helpful in ap-plying C ++ function templates in other languages.

Abstract: The combination of precoded Tarbo thoughts and unequal error protection techndogy,helps toacheive unequal protection for information with different importance. The precoded turbo coding scheme de-signed in this paper consists of the simple linear block code as the outer code ( precoder) and the Turbo codeas the inner code. They make up the serial concatenated codes.According to this precoding scheme,this pa-per researches a new outer code SISO iterative decoding algorithm. At last,1/3 rate of the precoded Turbosystem has been simulated according to the decoding algorithms of outer code，and has been compared with theperformance of 1/2 and 1/3 rate Turbo code.The results show that this scheme not only improves the perform-ance of Turbo code effectively,it also realizes unequal error protection for different informations. And the cod-ing and decoding ideas are simple and feasible.

Abstract: In the circulating fluidized bed boiler( CFBB) combustion control system,to maintain normal bedtemperature and main stream pressure is key to the stable and economic operation of CFBB. In view of thestrong coupling relationship between this the two variables,this paper used neural network inverse systemmethod to solve decoupling problem of the system. Furthermore,in view of the imperfection of the decouplingand parameter perturbation,interference and other factors which affect the system,a closed-loop internal mod-el control strategy which has good stability and anti-jamming ability control is carried out. The simulation re-sult shows that internal model control based on neural network inverse system method can not only realize de-coupling of the system , get excellent static and dynamic characteristics, but also have good robust stability anddisturbance rejection capability.

Abstract: Based on the results of the static loading test on the four RC Beam - column’s Joints Strengthenedby gluing steel plates and the two RC Beam - column ’s Joints without being strengthened by gluing steelPlates,the strain of the tensile steel and the strain of steel plates in the negative moment region of the girderends and the deflection of midspan with four different kinds of anchoring methods under the action of the staticload are analyzed. The results show that the corner stiffness of the steel plate and beams and the strength of theHoop board in the corner of columns are the main factors leading to different anchor effect in the test,and in-creasing the corner stiffness of the steel plate can fulill to the ability of the steel plate better，and the actualreinforcement effect can also better satisfy the design requirement of reinforcement effect.

Abstract: The modified linear relationship between the change of void ratio and the logarithmic time was intro-duced to simulate the rheological behaviors in the consolidation process of normally consolidated and saturatedclays,one-dimensional rheological consolidation equation was obtained based on Hansbo’s formula for non-Darey flow,and numerical analysis was performed by using the finite volume method.Then the effects of rheo-logical parameters on the one-dimensional consolidational behaviors of normally consolidated soils were investi-gated. The numerical calculation results indicated that the rheological behaviors of these soils delay the overallrate of dissipation of the excess pore water pressure in these soil layers resembling the effect of non-Darey flow,and the phenomenon similar to the Mandel effect appears, i.e. the excess pore water pressure increases in theplace far away from the drainage boundary at the beginning of loading. In addition , the loading value can alsoinfluence the consolidation behaviors of these soil layers.

Abstract: T-struts subject to centroid compression buckle flexural-torsionally about their axis of symmetry.When the foree is applied at the shear center of the section,T-struts buckle either flexurally or torsionallywithout coupling of flexure with twisting.Although the buckling load about the symmetry-axis of shear centerloading is greater than that of centroid loading，the design capacity of T-struts with defect such as fabricationerror, load eccentricity and residual stress decrease by shifting the working line of a T-section compressionchord to the shear center. This article presents the equivalent slenderness ratio method,a new method for thedesign of ’T-struts subject to compressive force,introduces another three methods including the one presentedby Chen Shaofan,the one in code and the one in ANSYS,contrasts the calculation results of those four meth-ods and recommends the implementation of equivalent slenderness ratio method in the design of T-struts subjectto compressive force.

Abstract: The main span steel box girder of Jiu-jiang highway bridge over Yangtze river is studied in this pa-per.Through finite element analysis on the real bridge structure,the fatigue specimen which can reflect stressstate of rib-to-reck welded joints of orthotropic steel bridge deck is made.Based on the theoretical analysis andstatic load test; the corresponding relationship of the load and stress of research part is gotten. The fatigue fail-ure form of the structure detail,stress -life curve and allowable stress amplitude are obtained by the fatiguetest. The result can be used for the evaluation of fatigue life，health detection and maintenance and repair ofthe bridge,which can also be used as reference for the design of other bridges.

Abstract: Voids behind linings,which are a common form of road tunnel disease,have great danger to the sta-bility of tunnel linings. The previous researches concentrated on plane analysis, researchers considered that lar-ger voids would lead to loop tensile stress at the out edge of the lining which might cause longitudinal crack;However,through establishing three-dimensional finite element model compared with plane analysis,the articleputs forward that voids will leaded to longitudinal tensile stress but loop tensile stress at the out edge of the lin-ing,which possible cause annular cracking. And based on three-dimensional numerical analysis,obtaining theeffect of void behind linings under different surrounding rock and different void locations.

Abstract: Based on the numerical simulation method,the environment where a train of the CRH2 type ran inthe high-speed railway tunnel at a speed of 200 km per hour was simulated . And when the train passed theplatform,the changing process of the train wind on the platform was analyzed ,the distribution characteristics ofthe train wind on the platform were discussed and the safety of hazards distance of people on the platform wasdetermined. The results showed that: the gradient of wind speed of layer close to the train wall boundary isvery large ; the train wind near the tail of the train is the most unfavorable position; protective measures shouldbe taken to ensure people ’s security if necessary.

Abstract: A new type of bits called abrasive water jets bit can solve the problem that the speed is slow in hardrock drilling. The analysis of working principle for abrasive water jets bits shows that the efficiency of breakingrock by abrasive water jets bit is limited by punching speed affected by the structure of nozle.The main pa-rameters of affecting punching speed were studied by uniform design and numerical simulation.The optimumstructure parameters of nozzle and experimental parameters were determined.There are interactions betweenpressure,abrasive concentration with structures of nozle.Laboratory experiments show that the drilling speedby optimized abrasive water jets bit is 1.57 times faster than original three wings bit,1.25 times larger thancontrol group 1 and 1.18 times than control group 2,which shows significant advantages in hard rock drilling.

Abstract: The dynamic characteristics of exhaust valve forced opening mechanism affect the engine light loadfuel-efficient valve timing mechanism’s working performance and reliability directly. The paper builds thevalve timing mechanism multi-body kinetics model in Adams,and analyzes the dynamic characteristics of ex-haust valve forced opening mechanism through simulation.The analysis results of simulation show that theforced opening force of exhaust valve is about 518.7 N,which is approximate to the test value 556 N,and thepiston rod can enter into the groove smoothly nearby the maximum opening stroke of exhaust valve and open theexhaust valve forcedly.

Abstract: In view of the frequent school bus rear-end collisions in recent years,this paper is intended to ana-lyze the result of crash simulation test on anti-collision beam of one type of the school bus and study the ruleand characteristic of the transformation of anti-collision beam in rear-end impact tests at different speeds basedon the ANSYS/LS-DYNA system.The research shows that rear-end collisions between this type of school bushappening at different speeds ( low speed，medium speed and high speed) will have different influences on thepassengers on the bus and that because the cross beams and stands absorb different amounts of energy duringrear-end collisions happening at different speeds,they will have different levels of deformation.The researchresult can provide theory basis for follow-up optimal design of rear anti-collision beam of school bus to some ex-tent.

Abstract: In view of the high salient pole rate structural features and wide range operation characteristics ofpermanent magnet synchronous motor ( PMSM) used in electric vehicles.maximum torque per ampere (MT-PA ) vector control strategy of PMSM based on variable model was studied in this paper. For higher controlprecision.rotor flux linkage components along with inductance and rotor flux linkage value in the differentloads were first obtained with spectrum analysis and frozen permeability methods.the accurate motor modelwas developed,and the corresponding MTPA current vector expressions were derived. Furthermore,its controlcharacteristics were studied.and some comparisons about control characteristic among MTPA based on variableparameters model, fixed parameter model and control characteristic were made.The results show that the MT-PA based on variable parameters model can find more higher current utilization compared withid control andcan get better dynamic performance compared with itself based on fixed parameter model.

Abstract: The conclusion that the greater of the robotic manipulator’s operation space volume,the better ofthe robotic manipulator’s manipulability is drawn by studying the series redundant automatic fiber placementrobotic manipulator’s operation space,and the redundant robotic manipulator’s kinematics performance indexthat based on volume element is proposed. n-DOF serial robotic manipulator’s operation space is n-dimension-al Riemannian manifold,the n-dimensional Riemannian manifold volume is calculated using the moving coor-dinate system and the exterior product definition,and the robotic manipulator’s operation space volume is ob-tained,and compared the obtained results with the operation space volume in the literature,it shows that thevolume element as a kinematics performance index is feasible.

Abstract: In order to obtain a more accurate and convenient optimization design method of the front push rodassembly lifting mechanism on mining dump truck,through simplifying the mechanism of physical model andintroducing into the oil pressure fluctuation coefficient, the overall layout space and the geometric constraint forthe constraints of the optimization mathematical model was established,and the simulation and optimization a-nalysis was generated with the Matlab software.The results show that: the optimization model of the minedump truck front push assembly lifting mechanism optimization was feasible,reduced the lift coefficient,andimproved the lifting mechanism of lift at the same time,and provided a practical and convenient optimizationmethod for the lifting mechanism design.