papers list Journal of Zhengzhou University (Engineering Science)

Abstract: From the perspective of energy saving, green and environmental protection, the solid superacid (SO42-/TiO2) was used as the catalyst to prepare chloroacetic acid high-carbon fatty alcohol ester, using the orthogonal test method, taking the esterification rate as the investigation index, the influence of five factors on the reaction was investigated, and the order of the influence was as follows: reaction time> amount of water agent> material ratio>catalyst dosage> reaction temperature, and the better reaction conditions were obtained: reaction temperature 5 °C, reaction time 110.5 h. The material ratio was 5:1.1 (n solution: n acid), the catalyst dosage was 157%, the amount of aqueous agent was 4 mL, and the esterification rate reached 30.87%.The activity and reproducibility of the solid superacid catalyst were investigated, and the results showed that the activity and reproducibility of the synthesis of chloroacetic acid high-carbon fatty alcohol ester catalyzed by this solid superacid were good.

784| 644

Synthesis of 1-(4-Methoxybenzyl)-4-hydroxymethyl-I,2,3-triazolewith Click Chemistry[5-8]

LI Huiping; CHENG Kang; HAO Lingfang; etc

Abstract: The development of novel electrolyte membranes with dense structure，good mechanical flexibility，and high proton conductivity．but with little or no dependence on humidity at temperatures above 100℃re—mains an important challenge to the practical operation of PEMFCs．In this paper，1-(4-methoxybenzy-1)-4-hydroxymethyl-1，2，3-triazole(CTMOB)，one of the proton conducting species，was synthesisedwith Click Chemistry using 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol as the starting material．The structures of systhesizedmaterials were characterized with FTIR and NMR．The results show that the proposed synthesis route of CT—MOB is feasible and the total yield of CTMOB is 38．4％．

933| 884

Synthesis of Dissymmetric Bis-quaternary Ammonium Salt Surfactant[9-11,15]

WANG Liucheng; WANG Wentian; ZHAO Jianhong; etc

Abstract: C10-C2-C12 dissymmetric bis-quaternary ammonium salt surfactant was synthesized with ethylenedibromide，N,N-dimethyldecylamine and N,N-demethyldodecylamine．In order to obtain the better techn·ologcial conditions of synthetic product，the effect of different factors，mole ratio and temperature to syntheticproduct were discussed．In this condition，the yield of product reached 90％and purity quotient of productwas more than 86％．It had the advantage of two or three times lower order of magnitude in the cmc than thetraditional surfactant and exhibited higher surface activity．

923| 741

Experimental Study on Crystallization of lminodiacetonitrile[12-15]

YANG Libin; WANG Yanfei; ZENG Xiangdong; etc

Abstract: The crystal habit of iminodiacetonitrile was determined in detail．The metastable zone and solubilityof iminodiacetonitrile in water was measured and the effects of cooling rate were investigated experimentally．Inaddition，the solubility of iminodiacetonitrile was studied in water，and rule of cooling crystallization was finally obtained．The solubility in water increases with increasing temperature and the growth rate at high temperatures increases．The metastable zone that is supersaturation of iminodiacetonitrile in crystallization process becomes wider while the cooling rate of crystallization process becomes larger．

753| 699

Study on Optimization of 5-Fluorouracil Magnetic Solid Lipid Nanoparticles[16-19]

SHEN Guopeng; LIANG Chunli; GE Qingping; etc

Abstract: To improve the therapeutic efficacy and reduce the toxicity of 5-Fluorouracil(5-FU)，5-Flu-orouracil magnetic solid lipid nanoparticles(5-FU-MSLN)were prepared with a W／O／W double emulsionsolvent evaporation technique，using monostearin as the carrier，hydrogenated soybean lecithin and poloxameras emulsifier，magnetic Fe3 04 nanoparticles as magnets．With jhe index of encapsulation efficiency，the prep—aration process was optimized By single—factor test and orthogonal test．As a result，the encapsulation efficiency of 5-FU-MSLN was 58．35％．TEM presented 5-FU-MSLN as spherical particles．evenly distrib·uted：5一FU—MSLN were observed under the inverted microscope，of which vitro magnetic responsivenesswas good．Such magnetic solid lipid nanoparticles seem appropriate for vascular administration followed bydrug targeting．

912| 647

Study on Module Synthesis Simulation Method forShell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger[20-24]

WANG Dan; DONG Qiwu; LIU Minshan

Abstract: The characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer of shell-and-tube heat exchanger were analyzed，and a numerical simulation method named as module synthesis method was exploited．For this method，the shell—and—tube heat exchanger was divided into three sections：inlet section，periodical section，andoutlet section．The three sections were computed separately and then each section results were synthesized to-gether to obtain the whole temperature difference and pressure drop of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger．Experiment for the characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer of shell-and-tube heat exchanger was carried out，and the numerical simulation results were compared with experimental results．It can be concludedthat the results of numerical simulation are in accordance with the results of experiment and the results are ac—curate．For the module synthesis method，the-d quantity is reduced and the calculational speed is improvedand this method has higher accuracy．The module synthesis method can be used to simulate large industrialheat exchanger，and these defects of traditional numerical methods can be remedy with this method．

1105| 760

Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks in Consideration of Fouling Effects[25-28]

JIN Zunlong; DONG Qiwu; LIU Minshan

Abstract: The concept of temperature-change sensitivity coefficient was put forward based on the inherentlylinear nature between outlet and inlet temperatures of heat exchanger network and theory analysis．Quantitativeinfluence of temperature fluctuation in the network was carried out in order to examine transmission characterof temperature fluctuation in the system．And the information was obtained for improving heat exchanger network．The case result was obtained by the proposed method，which was of benefit to superviseing production．It can help to find out which factor holds dominant position and which factor is comparatively secondarythrough the coefficients，facilitating engineers to distinguish primary and secondary factors in order to observeand control influence factor accurately．

753| 762

Application of Semi-parametric Regression Analysis Methodin Electric Power Load Forecasting[29-32]

YANG Lixi; ZHANG Yongfeng; XU Xiangwei; etc

Abstract: In order to integrate the advantages of parameter model and non—parameter model。a semi—para—metric regression model was studied for power load forecasting．On the basis of pretreatment of the original data，the use of relevant theory determined the parameters of semi—parametric model and non—parametric vail—ables and constructed the semi—parametric regression model．The regression coefficients and regression pa·rameters were assessed with the two—stage least squares method and the weight coefficients．The exampleshows that this method is more precise and has broader adaptability．

901| 785

Research of Neutral Grounding Modes in 20 kV Distribution Network[33-37]

CHEN Genyong; HOU Yongjiang; YANG Fengmin; etc

Abstract: For the problems of the single-phase to ground fault current increased and the over-voltage in the20 kV urban cable distribution network，the neutral grounding modes for different structures are studies．Application scopes of neutral grounding modes in the 20 kV distribution network are confirmed by the steady··state analysis and transient analysis of single-phase to ground fault，and the analysis of system parameters．When the capacitive current is less than 10 A．the insulated grounding mode can be used．Between 10-150A，the arc-suppression coil grounding mode can be used．Between 100-1000 A．the low-resistancegrounding mode can be used．The analysis result shows that the mode of the neutral grounding via low—resistance should be applied in the 20 kV cable distribution network systems．

965| 689

Design of Microcomputer Monitor and Control System for Yarn Tensile Tester[38-41]

XIAO Junming; FAN Fuling; LI Yanbin; etc

Abstract: In the yarn manufacturing process，the detection of tensile properties is an important process．In order to improve product grade and quality，microcomputer control system for yarn tensile tester is developed．The system consists of the host，pull measurement sensors，extension amount measurement sensors，automaticreturn position unit and monitor computer system．The lord controls electric circuit is based on the 77E58sMCU and high-precision A／D converter，its rate reachs 100 times per second；the load range is 0．01N-1kN；the rate range of experimentation is 0.005～500 mm／min，the precision of displacement measurement isunder±0．1％．and the resolution of displacement measurement is 0．01 mm．Tests showed that the system notonly has high detection accuracy but also runs at faster data processing speed．Moreover，it may be appliedcompatibly with a kind of yarn tensile tester in building materials，textile，and metalwork and paper product．So，it has agood prospect of application．

793| 768

A Study on Visualization of Three-Dimensional Terrain from Contour Map Based on ArcGIS and VTK[42-45]

SU Zhijian; WANG Rui; ZHU Gaojie

Abstract: The paper presents a method of generating three·dimension terrain by contour map．Firstly，elevation data of discrete points and digital elevation model are obtained through digital processing of contour mapand Kriging interpolation method respectively．Secondly，the three-dimensional terrain is produced with the adoption of Visual Studi02008 as the development platform and VTK as at001．Finaly，an experiment is employed to prove the method discussed in this article is workable．

806| 750

Design and implementation of a certain type of naval gun fault diagnosis system based on fault tree

[46-49]

Wang Zhongyong; ZHANG Zhenxing; DUAN Linlin; etc

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.012

Abstract:

Aiming at the abnormal state of a certain type of naval gun follow-up system, a fault diagnosis expert system based on fault tree is designed and implemented. Firstly, the composition of the expert system for naval gun fault diagnosis is given, and the design methods of knowledge base, reasoning machine and human-machine interface module are mainly introduced. According to the characteristics of the fault of this type of naval gun, the fault tree is constructed, and the knowledge base is built and updated. The inference machine adopts an inference strategy combining forward inference and inverse reasoning. Practice shows that the fault diagnosis expert system has beautiful human-computer interaction interface, convenient user operation, basic reliability of fault diagnosis results, and easy expansion of knowledge base.

1108| 662

Extension of certification test methods and their application[50-53]

ZHOU Qinglei; Wu Xiaoying

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.013

Abstract:

The authentication test method based on the string space model has certain limitations in analyzing the security of the protocol, and can only analyze a limited number of protocols. Therefore, the authentication test method based on the string space model is extended, the method is improved by modifying the test components and authentication test rules, and the TLS protocol using signature and hash functions is analyzed by the extended authentication test method, and the scope of use of the authentication test method is expanded. And the test of the freshness of the test component is proposed, and the certification test method is further improved.

716| 638

Research on real-time intelligent control system of traffic lights based on image processing and DSP

[54-56,64]

ZHANG Aimei; Kong Wenjie

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.014

Abstract:

Aiming at the uneven distribution of vehicles in each traffic direction of road intersection, such as in the suburbs of the city or the intersection of main roads and non-main roads, a design scheme of intelligent control system of traffic lights with DSP embedded system as the hardware platform is proposed. The system uses CCD cameras to collect video images reflecting the road traffic scene, and then performs a series of processing on the obtained video images, and uses background subtraction to quickly obtain the vehicle information of each phase of the road intersection, and then controls the time and change of the corresponding traffic lights in real time according to the number of vehicles in each relative phase, so as to realize the adaptive control of traffic control signal lights. The test proves that the system has the characteristics of good real-time performance and flexible expansion.

727| 700

DSSS signal parameter estimation based on cyclic stationary multi-antenna[57-60]

Mu Xiaomin; ZHAO Haifeng; Yang Shouyi

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.015

Abstract:

A parameter estimation method based on the cyclic stationary characteristics of SIMO (Single-Input Multi-Output) is proposed, and the cycle spectrum analysis of the DSSS signal after sub-integration is carried out, and the planting frequency and code element width of the signal are estimated. Simulation results show that . This method can make full use of the spatial diversity provided by multiple antennas to improve the parameter estimation performance of DSSS signals.

787| 706

Simulation analysis of ethanol gas detector based on radial basis neural network[61-64]

Ju Xingang; Guo Haiou; Guo Min

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.016

Abstract:

Taking the algorithm design of ethanol gas detector as an example, the radial basis neural network was used to fit the calibration data obtained from 34 groups of ethanol gas concentration detection experiments, that is, the network design and simulation analysis were carried out by using the radial basis function in the Matlab environment. The results show that the algorithm based on radial base network has small data storage and good error performance, which meets the error requirements of the system, and the training time of the network is short and the convergence speed is fast.

1047| 687

New beam-column elements and programming of nonlinear geometric materials[65-69]

ZHANG Junfeng; HAO Jiping; Li Tian

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.017

Abstract:

The virtual work increment equation of three-dimensional sorghum column element based on UL method is given, the geometric nonlinear tangent stiffness matrix of three-dimensional space beam column element considering the effects of warpage and shear deformation is derived in detail, and the plastic surface of Orbison section is modified to consider the influence of torque and warpage on section strength, and the elastic-plastic tangent stiffness matrix of the element is derived by plastic flow method. According to the object-oriented programming idea, the entire finite element domain is divided into 8 basic classes, a new unit class is derived on the basis of the unit base class, and the object-oriented space steel frame analysis program is compiled in C++ language. The example proves that only one or two units are needed to accurately predict the ultimate bearing capacity and instability mode of the empty steel frame.

928| 658

Reliability analysis of stiffness of semi-rigid steel frame systems[70-72,86]

HOU Ying; Hoda

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.018

Abstract:

Combining the gradient optimization method with the finite element method, the implicit functional function reliability algorithm is discussed, the main failure modes of the stiffness of semi-rigid and rigidly bonded steel frame systems are compared and analyzed by example, and the influence of joint rotational stiffness and P-△ second-order effect on the stiffness reliability of structural systems is discussed by PNET method. The results show that the main failure modes of the system stiffness of the semi-rigid joint and the rigidly connected steel frame are basically the same, and the large displacement between the layers forms the main failure mode of the stiffness of the structural system. The semi-rigid connection has a great influence on the stiffness reliability of the structural system, and increases the influence of the P-△ second-order effect.

945| 692

Analysis of ground vibration caused by railway traffic on saturated foundations[73-76]

Pi Suping; Shi Gang; Gao Guangyun

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.019

Abstract:

Aiming at the ground vibration problem caused by train operation on saturated foundation, the interaction force between track and roadbed is calculated by using the train-track finite element model, and the excitation load is calculated by ground vibration after Fourier transformation. On this basis, combined with the saturated foundation dynamic Green function obtained by the thin layer method, the ground vibration generated under the traveling conditions of the train on the saturated foundation was calculated and evaluated. The results show that the train speed has a great influence on the vibration within a certain range. The ground vibration caused by the train can basically meet the vibration standard of residential areas at the near track.

848| 683

Analysis of the influence of buried depth of heat insulation board on the temperature field of frozen soil subgrade[77-81]

Mo Shixiu; Guo Yueqin

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.020

Abstract:

The enthalpy model was used to establish the temperature field of frozen soil subgrade with phase transition. The influence of subgrade height, subgrade construction season and other factors on the optimal burial depth of the insulated board was comprehensively analyzed by considering the short-term and long-term permafrost protection effects, and considering the short-term and long-term permafrost protection effects. The finite element calculation showed that when the construction season was delayed to the cold season by 3 months, the frozen soil protection effect of the insulation board was significantly enhanced, and no melt core appeared in the roadbed within 20 years of operation. When determining the best burial depth of the heat insulation board, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the influence of the construction season, the height of the roadbed and other factors, if the roadbed is low, it should be shallow burial, the height of the roadbed is high, the warm season construction should be buried in the middle, and the cold season construction should be shallowly buried.

1157| 708

[82-86]

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.021

Abstract:

1032| 738

[87-91]

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.022

Abstract:

932| 731

[92-95]

Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-6833.2010.03.023

Abstract: