Optimization Strategy of Thermal Management of Batteries Coupled with Phase Change Materials and Air Cooling

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Optimization Strategy of Thermal Management of Batteries Coupled with Phase Change Materials and Air Cooling

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[1]WANG Heng,CAO Pengfei,CHEN Guowen,et al.Optimization Strategy of Thermal Management of Batteries Coupled with Phase Change Materials and Air Cooling[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University (Engineering Science),2026,47(XX):1-8.[doi:10.13705/j.issn.1671-6833.2026.03.008]

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Journal of Zhengzhou University (Engineering Science)[ISSN 1671-6833/CN 41-1339/T] Volume: 47 Number of periods: 2026 XX Page number: 1-8 Column: Public date: 2026-09-10

Title:: Optimization Strategy of Thermal Management of Batteries Coupled with Phase Change Materials and Air Cooling

Author(s):: WANG Heng¹; CAO Pengfei ¹; CHEN Guowen²; YANG Chan¹; ZHU Junfan¹; ZHANG Yafei¹; WANG Ruixin¹; SHE Jiahao¹; 1. School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Chang ’an University, Xi’ an 710016, China;2. XU GONG New Energy Power Technology Co,LTD., Xuzhou, 221700, China

Keywords:: battery thermal management; multi-objective optimization; genetic algorithm; phase change cooling; air coolin

CLC:: TM912U469. 72

DOI:: 10.13705/j.issn.1671-6833.2026.03.008

Abstract:: Under high-discharge-rate currents, battery modules with single-phase change material (PCM) thermal management experience thermal failure and central temperature accumulation. To solve this problem, air cooling is introduced into the PCM cooling system. A battery arrangement optimization strategy for hybrid thermal management is proposed. A composite PCM (CPCM) coupled with forced air convection was developed for the thermal management system. This strategy targets a composite PCM (CPCM) coupled with air cooling. Latin Hypercube Sampling is adopted. Kriging approximation modeling and the MIGA algorithm are applied. Multi-objective optimization of battery spacing is conducted. Results demonstrate that the optimized spacing configuration significantly improves thermal performance. Compared to the initial spacing, the PCM-only system achieves a reduction in maximum temperature of 3.64 °C and a decrease in maximum temperature difference of 2.75 °C. Furthermore, the proposed CPCM-air coupled system provides an additional peak temperature reduction of 0.6 °C. Parametric studies reveal that higher CPCM density enhances both cooling capacity and temperature uniformity. Increasing air velocity improves heat dissipation but reduces temperature homogeneity. Besides, the optimized module with coupled thermal management system maintains temperature below 42.60 °C (ΔT<1 °C) at 2C discharge and below 44.9 °C (ΔT<1.5 °C) at 3C discharge.

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Last Update: 2026-01-21