Digital watermarking algorithm for 3D models based on minimum mean square deviation

3D mesh watermark;  Minimal mean squared error;  robustness;  Security

The error energy caused by the 3D model transformation is minimally reflected on the embedded watermark. In order to make the embedded watermark robust to the topological transformation and geometric transformation of the three-dimensional model, a 3D geometric model algorithm based on the minimum mean square deviation is proposed, and the algorithm first sorts and selects the vertices of the three-dimensional mesh, and the principle of sorting and picking is to make the selected vertices have the smallest margin sum, that is, by optimizing the selection of the vertices of the <>D model mesh, the selected vertices are least affected by topological attacks; Then, the mean squared error energy of the selected vertex perturbation is calculated to embed the watermark into the space with the least influence of the error energy, so that the embedded watermark is least affected by geometric attack. Experimental results show that the algorithm has good resistance to geometric attacks and topological attacks.