The metallographic morphology and crystallographic orientation of the microstructure of titanium alloy composites were described by electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) and OIM analysis systems, and the representative volume units of the microstructure of titanium alloy composites were simulated through the modular and visual design of the microstructure of the composites. On this basis, the finite element method is used to calculate the mesomechanical response of the microstructure of titanium alloy, and according to the calculation results, the "material structure weakness" is identified, the cracking and propagation of microcracks are evaluated, the performance of materials in the microstructure of the material after damage is predicted, and the "virtual failure of microstructure" behavior is deduced.