The anti-aging performance of asphalt materials is the key influencing factor of asphalt pavement durability, and indoor simulated aging test is an important method to study the anti-aging performance of asphalt. In order to compare the aging effects of different test methods, the aging tests of time-delayed rotary film oven aging (RTFOT), pressure aging (PAV) and self-designed 5 °C oven aging tests were carried out on five kinds of asphalt, and the recycled asphalt indexes of natural aging pavement were compared and analyzed. The results show that there is a good correspondence and equivalence between the aging effects of the above three aging test methods, and they can better reflect the long-term aging behavior of the actual pavement asphalt. Although the aging temperature and oxygen concentration of different methods are different, the aging mechanism is oxidation reaction, and there is no essential difference, and it is believed that RTFOT aging test can be used as a test method to simulate long-term aging of asphalt.