With the development of new energy technologies such as liquid hydrogen, it has become an inevitable demand for the development of this discipline to investigate and study the tribological mechanism of lubricating materials, parts bodies and their coatings in ultra-low temperature environment to establish the design theory of ultra-low temperature mechanical parts. In order to meet the needs of ultra-low temperature tribology experiments, an ultra-low temperature environment tribological performance experimental system is designed by applying the design principle of pin-disc friction pair directly immersed in ultra-low temperature fluid, which consists of three parts: external drive tribology experiment host, open liquid nitrogen ultra-low temperature environment maintenance system and friction detection system. The system structure is simple, easy to operate, suitable for a variety of special working conditions tribology experiments.