The uniform experimental method was used to optimize the process conditions for extracting phenanthrene from rice bran by microwave-assisted method. The experimental results show that the microwave-assisted extraction method has significantly improved product quality and yield compared with the traditional extraction method, and the extraction time is shorter. The optimal process conditions were as follows: water addition 3 mL, microwave power 100 W, microwave radiation time 1 min, leaching time 5 min, decolorization microwave power 100 W, decolorization time 41 min, solvent v(HCl)∶v(H2O)=3∶197.Under the optimal process conditions, the phenanthine content reached 86.13% and the extraction rate reached 91.87%.